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@ultrox
Last active December 13, 2025 20:42
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modern-sql.com
:root {
/* background*/
--black-rgb: 0 0 0;
--white: #ffffff; /* white */
--white-smoke: #fcfcfc;
--pale-lime: #fafde5;
--mint-wash: #eeffe6;
--light-lime: #f4fbca;
--lime: #a1e12a;
--deep-green: #007434;
--chrome-dark: #282828;
/* text colors */
--t1-mist: #f9fcf7;
--t1-slate: #4b4b4b;
--t1-charcoal: #242424;
--t1-ink: #000000;
--t1-emeralda: #008d3f;
/* better name*/
--t1-c1: #f6fcd9;
--t1-c2: #eaf9aa;
--t1-c3: #fdfde9;
--t1-c4: #aecc53;
--t1-c5: #f03b26;
--t1-c6: #ffe5c9;
--t1-c7: #999;
--t1-c8: #fbb;
--t1-c9: #75c375;
--t1-c10: #578e33;
--t1-c11: #6eb440;
--t1-c12: #309a3e;
--t1-c13: #67a93c;
--t1-c14: #a8c947;
--t1-c15: #2c8e39;
--t1-c16: #ff8000;
--t1-c17: #948b44;
--t1-c18: #7dd894;
--t1-c19: #fee75c;
--t1-c20: #b50019;
}
:root {
--color-content: var(--t1-slate);
--page-background: var(--white-smoke);
--color-em: var(--lime);
--color-link: var(--deep-green);
--sidebar-bg: linear-gradient(30deg, oklch(0.95 0.1 115 / 1) 0, oklch(100 0.03 105) 100%);
--title-wrap-bg: var(--white-smoke);
}
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
:root {
--page-background: var(--chrome-dark);
--color-content: var(--white-smoke);
--title-wrap-bg: var(--chrome-dark);
}
}
#main-wrapper {
position: relative;
}
#content .section {
padding: 0 15px;
margin: 0 auto;
}
@media (min-width: 960px) {
#page-wrapper {
margin-left: auto;
margin-right: auto;
width: 960px;
}
}
.region-content-top {
float: right;
}
.breadcrumb {
padding: 0.3em 0 0 15px;
}
#main-wrapper > *:first-child:not(.region-content-top) {
margin-top: 1em;
}
#header {
text-align: center;
filter: brightness(0.5);
background: var(--lime);
background-image: url(/static/grass.BqTofs9.jpg);
background-image: url(/static/grass.BqTofs9.jpg),
linear-gradient(
90deg,
#f8fabb,
#f3fd89 2.5%,
#e6fd5c 4%,
#f3fd85 5.3%,
#f5fd93 7.4%,
#ecfb81 9.9%,
#e2fc6a 10.9%,
#d3f659 16.3%,
#cbf747 17.2%,
#d5f566 20.2%,
#d0f653 20.8%,
#99d52b 24.5%,
#80cb27 24.8%,
#8ed529 25.8%,
#c1ec5a 28.7%,
#95da2d 35.2%,
#a6e03b 36.6%,
#cbf26a 44.5%,
#8ed337 55.2%,
#73c326 56.8%,
#9cd741 60.7%,
#80c936 62.1%,
#8ace3d 62.1%,
#9bd942 62.7%,
#9cd73c 64.5%,
#a2da43 64.5%,
#caf25c 65.8%,
#c1f052 66.5%,
#b9ed4c 66.5%,
#8fd629 68.1%,
#a9e24c 69.1%,
#9fdc49 69.1%,
#85cc3c 69.4%,
#6cc029 72.6%,
#55b722 77%,
#58b622 77.2%,
#5eb826 77.2%,
#85cc40 77.6%,
#74c42a 78.5%,
#61bd22 78.8%,
#5ab820 80.1%,
#6cbc25 80.6%,
#77c52d 80.6%,
#80c743 81.2%,
#6cc036 82.7%,
#189618 85.1%,
#0b6023 94%,
#0d6625 94%,
#30a03d 94.7%,
#138628
);
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-position: center bottom;
}
#header-logo {
width: 540px;
height: 116px;
}
@media (max-width: 540px) {
#header-logo {
width: 100%;
height: auto;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
}
#main-wrapper > div.clearfix {
clear: both;
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
align-items: flex-start;
}
@media (min-width: 780px) {
#main-wrapper > div.clearfix {
flex-direction: row;
}
.region-sidebar-first {
order: -1;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
#content {
flex-grow: 1;
}
.region-sidebar-second {
margin-top: 37px;
}
#header,
.breadcrumb {
text-align: left;
padding-left: 240px;
}
#content .section {
padding: 0;
}
}
#page-wrapper {
min-height: 100%;
padding-bottom: 12.5rem;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
.region-sidebar-first {
margin: 0 1em;
}
@media (min-width: 780px) {
.region-sidebar-first {
width: 180px;
margin-right: 60px;
margin-left: 0;
padding: 0;
}
}
.region-sidebar-second {
width: 120px;
margin-left: 60px;
display: none;
}
@media (min-width: 960px) {
.region-sidebar-second {
display: block;
}
}
#content,
.region-sidebar-first,
.region-sidebar-second,
.region-page-closure {
overflow: visible;
word-wrap: break-word;
}
#page {
padding-bottom: 50px;
}
@media (max-width: 540px) {
#header-logo {
padding-left: 3%;
}
}
.max-width > * {
max-width: 540px;
margin-left: auto;
margin-right: auto;
}
#prefooter {
min-height: 10rem;
margin-top: -12.5rem;
background-color: var(--pale-lime);
padding-top: 1rem;
text-align: center;
}
#linkedin,
#xing,
#rss,
#mailinglist,
#bluesky,
#twitter {
display: inline-block;
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-image: url(/static/sprites.yE8yv_3.svg);
height: 102px;
width: 124px;
margin: 0.5em 2rem;
}
#linkedin > span,
#xing > span,
#rss > span,
#mailinglist > span,
#bluesky > span,
#twitter > span {
display: none;
}
#linkedin {
width: 114px;
}
#xing {
width: 86px;
}
#linkedin:not(:hover),
#xing:not(:hover),
#rss:not(:hover),
#mailinglist:not(:hover),
#bluesky:not(:hover),
#twitter:not(:hover) {
filter: grayscale(1) opacity(0.8);
}
#mailinglist {
background-position: 0 -300px;
}
#rss {
background-position: 0 -1100px;
}
#bluesky {
background-position: 0 -500px;
}
#twitter {
background-position: 0 -100px;
}
#linkedin {
background-position: 0 -900px;
}
#xing {
background-position: 0 -700px;
}
#prefooter {
text-align: center;
}
#prefooter > * > h2 {
margin: 0;
}
#ciuw {
width: 100%;
padding: 0.7em 0.3em;
box-sizing: border-box;
font-size: 1.1rem;
}
#ciu-search {
width: 100%;
box-sizing: border-box;
font-size: 1.1rem;
}
#ciu-search + #ciu-ac {
display: none;
}
#ciu-search:focus + #ciu-ac {
display: block;
position: absolute;
z-index: 1000;
margin-top: 0;
margin-left: auto;
margin-right: auto;
max-width: 500px;
transition: all 0.1s ease-in-out;
background: rgb(136 136 136 / 0.53);
box-shadow: 5px 5px 15px rgb(136 136 136 / 0.53);
color: var(--color-content);
}
#ciu-ac a:hover {
text-decoration: none;
}
ul#ciu-ac > li:before {
display: none;
}
#ciu-ac > li {
background: linear-gradient(30deg, var(--t1-c1) 0, white 100%);
margin-top: 5px;
list-style: none;
transition: all 0.1s ease-in-out;
border-left: 4px solid var(--t1-emeralda);
padding-left: 0.5em;
padding-right: 0.5em;
}
#ciu-ac li:first-child,
.no_result {
margin-top: 0;
}
#ciu-ac > li[aria-selected='true'],
#ciu-ac > li:hover {
border-right: 4px solid var(--t1-emeralda);
background: linear-gradient(30deg, var(--t1-c2) 0, var(--t1-c3) 100%);
}
#ciuw + p {
text-align: center;
margin: 0;
font-size: 1.1rem;
}
body {
font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Helvetica', 'Segoe UI', 'Calibri', 'Gill Sans',
Tahoma, Geneva, 'DejaVu Sans', Arial, sans-serif;
}
p {
letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}
#content {
line-height: 1.5em;
}
p,
.tl,
.sm {
margin: 0 0 1em 0;
}
.tl:first-child,
.sm:first-child {
margin-top: 1em;
}
hgroup,
h1,
h2,
h3 {
letter-spacing: 0.07em;
font-weight: 300;
color: var(--deep-green);
font-variant: small-caps;
}
hgroup h1:before {
font-size: 0.9em;
}
hgroup h1 {
font-weight: 300;
font-size: 1.5em;
}
hgroup a,
hgroup p {
letter-spacing: 0.07em;
color: var(--deep-green);
}
h1 {
line-height: 23px;
font-size: 1.3em;
margin: 9px 0 0 0;
padding: 0 0 5px;
}
hgroup > h1 {
margin: 9px 0 0 0;
padding: 0;
}
hgroup p:last-child {
margin: 0;
}
h1:before {
content: ' ';
background-color: var(--deep-green);
border: var(--t1-c4) solid 0.3em;
border-width: 0.3em 0;
display: inline-block;
width: 0.5em;
height: 0.3em;
margin: 0 0.27em 0 -0.77em;
}
#content h2,
#content h3 {
text-decoration: underline dashed;
text-underline-offset: 0.5ex;
}
#content h2 {
font-size: 125%;
}
#content h2 .asof {
float: right;
font-size: 0.7em;
}
#content svg {
display: block;
}
h3 {
font-size: 1em;
}
dt {
padding-left: 4em;
text-indent: -4em;
}
dd {
margin-left: 2em;
}
pre,
code {
font-family: consolas, monospace;
word-wrap: normal;
letter-spacing: normal;
}
dt code:only-child {
font-weight: bold;
}
h1 .command,
h2 .command {
font-weight: normal;
}
pre {
border-left: 9px solid var(--light-lime);
margin: 6px 0 12px 0;
padding: 7px 0 7px 9px;
color: var(--color-content);
}
pre.non-conforming:before {
content: 'X';
color: var(--t1-c5);
font-weight: bold;
position: absolute;
left: -9px;
display: inline-block;
width: 9px;
text-align: center;
}
pre.non-conforming {
border-left: 9px solid var(--t1-c6);
position: relative;
}
em.underline,
b.underline {
text-decoration: underline;
}
em.underline:not(.italics),
b.underline {
font-style: normal;
}
p > em {
color: var(--color-em);
}
.light {
color: var(--t1-c7);
}
del,
.delete {
background-color: var(--t1-c8);
padding: 0 0.3em;
}
.delete {
text-decoration: line-through;
}
.flags {
margin-right: 6px;
vertical-align: middle;
width: 120px;
height: 12px;
display: inline-block;
background-image: url(/static/sprites.yE8yv_3.svg);
}
.region-content-top form {
display: inline-block;
}
.translator {
font-size: 80%;
margin: 0;
text-align: right;
}
@media (min-width: 960px) {
.region-content-top select {
width: 120px;
}
}
#below-article h2 {
margin-bottom: 0;
}
#promo {
display: flex;
flex-wrap: wrap;
justify-content: space-between;
flex-direction: column;
}
#promo h2 {
white-space: nowrap;
}
#promo p {
margin-bottom: 0.5em;
}
#promo > .flex-gap {
display: none;
}
.box-body {
padding: 5px 5px 0 5px;
}
.promo-service .box-body {
padding: 5px 1em 0 1em;
min-height: 173px;
}
.box-body img {
float: left;
padding: 0 5px 5px 0;
margin: 0;
}
.promo-book p {
text-align: center;
}
@media (min-width: 550px) {
#promo {
flex-direction: row;
}
.promo-book {
flex: 1 0 300px;
}
.promo-gap {
display: block;
flex: 0 0 30px;
}
.promo-service {
flex: 1 0 190px;
}
}
.box-body,
#authorsbio {
--color-content: var(--chrome-dark);
border-bottom: 1px solid #008d3f;
background-color: #f4fbca;
}
#authorsbio img {
padding: 5px;
background: var(--white);
float: left;
margin: 0 1em 0 0;
}
#authorsbio p {
margin: 0;
padding: 0.3em 0.5em 0 0;
}
.region-sidebar-first {
font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Helvetica', 'Segoe UI', 'Calibri', 'Gill Sans',
Tahoma, Geneva, 'DejaVu Sans', Arial, sans-serif;
font-size: 95%;
letter-spacing: 0.05em;
font-weight: 300;
}
.region-sidebar-first > .block {
--color-content: var();
--color-content: var(--chrome-dark);
display: inline-block;
vertical-align: top;
text-align: left;
width: 100%;
background: var(--sidebar-bg);
}
.region-sidebar-first h2 {
margin: 0;
}
.menu {
padding-right: 0.5em;
}
.title-wrap::before,
.title-wrap::after,
.region-sidebar-first:after {
content: ' ';
display: block;
height: 3px;
background: var(--t1-c9);
background: linear-gradient(
to top,
var(--mint-wash) 0,
var(--t1-emerald) 100%
);
}
.title-wrap::before {
background: linear-gradient(
to bottom,
var(--mint-wash) 0,
var(--t1-emerald) 100%
);
}
.title-wrap > h2 {
background-color: var(--title-wrap-bg);
width: 100%;
box-sizing: border-box;
padding: 0.5em 0 0.5em 0;
font-size: 120%;
font-weight: inherit;
text-align: center;
}
ul {
padding: 0;
}
ul.menu {
margin: 4px 0 0 0;
}
ul > li {
padding: 4px 0 4px 1em;
list-style-type: none;
display: list-item;
}
ul > li:before {
content: ' ';
background-color: var(--deep-green);
border: var(--t1-c4) solid 0.3em;
border-width: 0.3em 0;
display: inline-block;
width: 0.6em;
height: 0.2em;
margin: 0 0.3em 0 -1em;
}
ul > li > ul > li:before {
border: none;
margin: 0 0.3em 0.2em -1em;
}
li > p:first-child {
display: inline;
}
li > p:nth-child(2) {
margin-top: 1em;
}
#article ul li:before {
margin-right: 0.5em;
}
#article ul li {
padding-left: 1.2em;
}
.list-title {
margin-bottom: 0;
}
.list-title + ul,
.list-title + ol {
margin-top: 0;
}
html {
overflow-y: scroll;
background-color: var(--page-background);
height: 100%;
color: var(--color-content);
}
p {
color: var(--color-content);
}
h2.title {
margin: 0;
}
.clearfix:after {
content: '.';
display: block;
height: 0;
clear: both;
visibility: hidden;
}
* {
background-repeat: no-repeat;
}
img {
border: none;
}
body {
margin: 0 auto 0 auto;
padding: 0;
height: 100%;
background-color: var(--page-background);
}
.center {
text-align: center;
}
div#main-wrapper {
margin: 3px 0 0 0;
}
a {
color: var(--color-link);
text-decoration: none;
}
a.active,
a:hover {
text-decoration: underline;
}
p.small {
font-size: smaller;
line-height: normal;
margin-bottom: 9px;
}
hr {
border: none;
border-bottom: 1px dashed var(--t1-emeralda);
height: 0px;
margin: 2px 0 7px 0;
}
div#main-title {
padding-right: 72px;
}
#main-title {
position: relative;
}
.submitted {
position: absolute;
right: 0;
bottom: 0;
font-size: 12px;
}
textarea {
width: 100%;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
#article,
#below-article {
margin-bottom: 1.5em;
}
#article > *:not(svg):not(ol.footnotes) {
max-width: 66ch;
}
iframe {
border: none;
}
.float-right {
float: right;
margin: 0 0 2em 2em;
}
.frame-wrap {
position: relative;
height: 0;
width: 100%;
margin: 0 auto 2em auto;
}
.frame {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
}
.region-sidebar-second {
border-top: 1px dashed var(--t1-emeralda);
}
.region-sidebar-second > form {
padding: 1em 0;
}
.region-sidebar-second > form > input {
margin: 2px 0;
height: 20px;
box-sizing: border-box;
width: 100%;
}
.blog > form > .subscriber {
max-width: 200px;
min-width: 150px;
}
.blog > form > .gradient-button {
width: 25px;
margin-right: 5px;
padding: 0;
height: 18px;
font-size: 10px;
}
.mask {
overflow: hidden;
}
.rounded-corners,
.mask {
-webkit-border-radius: 0.5em;
-moz-border-radius: 0.5em;
border-radius: 0.5em;
}
.gradient-button,
a.gradient-button {
outline: none;
cursor: pointer;
text-align: center;
min-height: 1.5em;
text-decoration: none;
padding: 0.2em 0.5em 0.25em 0.5em;
text-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgb(var(--black-rgb) / 0.3);
-webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgb(var(--black-rgb) / 0.2);
-moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgb(var(--black-rgb) / 0.2);
box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgb(var(--black-rgb) / 0.2);
border: solid 1px var(--t1-c10);
color: var(--t1-mist);
background: var(--t1-c11);
background: linear-gradient(
to bottom,
var(--t1-c4) 0%,
var(--t1-c11) 50%,
var(--t1-c12) 51%,
var(--t1-c11) 99%
);
font-family: 'HelveticaNeue-Light', 'Helvetica Neue Light', 'Helvetica Neue',
Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif;
letter-spacing: 0.07em;
}
input.gradient-button {
line-height: 0;
}
a.gradient-button {
display: inline-block;
line-height: 1.4em;
}
.gradient-button:hover,
a.gradient-button:hover {
color: var(--white);
text-decoration: none;
background: var(--t1-c13);
background: linear-gradient(
to bottom,
var(--t1-c14) 0%,
var(--t1-c13) 50%,
var(--t1-c15) 51%,
var(--t1-c13) 100%
);
}
.gradient-button:active,
a.gradient-buttion:active {
position: relative;
top: 1px;
}
.icon,
.icon::before,
.icon::after {
position: relative;
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
}
.admonition {
border-top: 1px dashed var(--t1-emeralda);
border-bottom: 1px solid var(--t1-emeralda);
background-color: var(--light-lime);
position: relative;
padding: 0.5em 1em 0 2em;
margin-bottom: 1em;
clear: both;
}
.admonition > h4 {
margin: 0.15em 0 0.5em;
color: var(--t1-emeralda);
}
.admonition > .icon {
font-size: 2em;
line-height: 0.55em;
color: rgb(var(--black-rgb));
position: absolute;
left: -0.625em;
display: inline-block;
top: 0.25em;
width: 1.15em;
height: 1.15em;
overflow: hidden;
border: none;
background-color: rgb(var(--black-rgb));
border-radius: 0.625em;
}
.admonition > .icon::before {
content: '';
display: block;
top: -0.08em;
left: 0em;
position: absolute;
border: rgb(var(--black-rgb)) 0.6em solid;
border-bottom-color: var(--t1-c16);
border-bottom-width: 1em;
border-top-width: 0;
}
.admonition > .icon::after {
display: block;
position: absolute;
top: 0.4em;
left: 0;
width: 100%;
padding: 0 1px;
text-align: center;
content: '!';
font-size: 0.65em;
font-weight: bold;
color: var(--white);
}
.footnote-ref {
font-size: 0.7em;
position: relative;
top: -0.8ex;
}
ol.footnotes {
list-style: none;
padding-left: 1.5em;
line-height: 2ex;
font-size: 0.9em;
}
ol.footnotes > li::before {
color: var(--t1-emeralda);
float: left;
position: relative;
right: 0.3em;
top: -0.3ex;
font-size: 0.83em;
width: 1.3em;
margin-left: -1.5em;
text-align: right;
white-space: nowrap;
}
ol.footnotes > li {
margin-bottom: 0.7ex;
}
ol.footnotes > li > p {
margin: 0 0 0.5ex 0;
display: block;
}
svg + ol.footnotes {
margin-top: -1em;
}
svg + ol.footnotes > li::before {
content: counter(list-item, lower-alpha);
}
svg.tl + ol.footnotes > li::before {
text-align: center;
background-color: var(--t1-c17);
color: var(--white);
padding-bottom: 3px;
}
h2 + ol.footnotes > li::before {
content: counter(list-item);
}
.region-page-closure {
color: var(--chrome-dark);
font-size: 11px;
text-align: center;
padding: 0.5em 0;
background-color: var(--light-lime);
}
video {
width: 100%;
height: auto;
}
.grid {
stroke: var(--t1-emeralda);
stroke-width: 0.5;
fill: none;
}
.tl text,
.sm text {
font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', 'Helvetica', 'Segoe UI', 'Calibri', 'Gill Sans',
Tahoma, Geneva, 'DejaVu Sans', Arial, sans-serif;
fill: var(--t1-emeralda);
}
svg.sm {
overflow: visible;
}
.sm text.headline > tspan {
font-size: 60%;
}
code,
tspan.code {
font-family: consolas, monospace;
}
p > code,
a > code,
li > code,
tpsan.code {
font-weight: bold;
}
.full > path {
fill: var(--t1-c18);
}
.ext-full > path,
.ext-partially > path,
.partially > path,
.extension > path {
fill: var(--t1-c19);
}
.none > path,
.ext-none > path {
fill: var(--t1-c8);
}
text.wrong,
.wrong > path {
fill: var(--t1-c20);
}
.ht {
fill: var(--page-background);
stroke: none;
}
.feature {
text-anchor: end;
}
.feature tspan.emphasis {
font-style: italic;
}
.tl-labels {
overflow: hidden;
pointer-events: all;
}
.tl-labels > .fn > text {
text-anchor: middle;
fill: var(--white);
}
.tl-labels > .v {
fill: rgb(var(--black-rgb) / 0.4);
}
.wrong.tl-labels > .v {
fill: var(--white);
}
.tl-labels > .fn > path {
fill: rgb(var(--black-rgb) / 0.4);
}
.strike {
text-decoration: line-through;
}
text.symbol {
font-size: 150%;
}
.tl-labels text {
font-size: 63%;
}
.sm .fn {
font-size: 0.83em;
}
.hoverable:hover .ht {
fill: var(--light-lime);
}
.tl-labels:hover {
overflow: visible;
}
.tl-labels:hover > path {
filter: saturate(2);
}
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