Bash script for File Categorization (naive and fast)

fast.sh

#!/usr/bin/env bash
set -euo pipefail
export LC_ALL=C

DIR="${1:-.}"
DIR="$(cd "$DIR" && pwd)"
mkdir -p "$DIR"/{images,videos,audio,documents,archives,code,others}

move() {
  dest="$1"
  shift
  find "$DIR" -maxdepth 1 -type f \( "$@" \) -print0 |
    xargs -0 -rn 1000 mv -n -t "$DIR/$dest"
}

# Images
move images \
  -iname '*.jpg'  -o -iname '*.jpeg' -o -iname '*.png' \
  -o -iname '*.gif' -o -iname '*.webp' -o -iname '*.svg' \
  -o -iname '*.bmp'

# Videos
move videos \
  -iname '*.mp4' -o -iname '*.mkv' -o -iname '*.avi' \
  -o -iname '*.mov' -o -iname '*.webm'

# Audio
move audio \
  -iname '*.mp3' -o -iname '*.wav' -o -iname '*.flac' \
  -o -iname '*.ogg' -o -iname '*.m4a'

# Documents
move documents \
  -iname '*.pdf' -o -iname '*.doc'  -o -iname '*.docx' \
  -o -iname '*.xls' -o -iname '*.xlsx' \
  -o -iname '*.ppt' -o -iname '*.pptx' \
  -o -iname '*.txt' -o -iname '*.md'

# Archives
move archives \
  -iname '*.zip' -o -iname '*.tar' -o -iname '*.gz' \
  -o -iname '*.bz2' -o -iname '*.xz' \
  -o -iname '*.7z' -o -iname '*.rar'

# Code
move code \
  -iname '*.c' -o -iname '*.h' -o -iname '*.go' \
  -o -iname '*.js' -o -iname '*.ts' -o -iname '*.py' \
  -o -iname '*.sh' -o -iname '*.rs' -o -iname '*.java'

## remaining to others subdirectory
find "$DIR" -maxdepth 1 -type f -print0 |
  xargs -0 -r -n 1000 mv -n -t "$DIR/others"

naive.sh

#!/usr/bin/env bash
set -euo pipefail

DIR="${1:-.}"
DIR="$(cd "$DIR" && pwd)"

# Pre-create directories
mkdir -p "$DIR"/{images,videos,audio,documents,archives,code,others}

shopt -s nullglob

for file in "$DIR"/*; do
  [[ -f "$file" ]] || continue

  name="${file##*/}"
  ext="${name##*.}"
  ext="${ext,,}"

  case "$ext" in
    jpg|jpeg|png|gif|webp|svg|bmp)
      dest=images
      ;;
    mp4|mkv|avi|mov|webm)
      dest=videos
      ;;
    mp3|wav|flac|ogg|m4a)
      dest=audio
      ;;
    pdf|doc|docx|xls|xlsx|ppt|pptx|txt|md)
      dest=documents
      ;;
    zip|tar|gz|bz2|xz|7z|rar)
      dest=archives
      ;;
    c|h|go|js|ts|py|sh|rs|java)
      dest=code
      ;;
    *)
      dest=others
      ;;
  esac

  mv -n -- "$file" "$DIR/$dest/"
done