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List of Some Common HTML Elements and Their Implicit ARIA Roles Here are some HTML elements and the implicit ARIA roles they map to (per HTML-AAM spec):

HTML Element Implicit ARIA Role
<a href="…"> link (W3C)
<button> button (W3C)
<input type="checkbox"> checkbox (W3C)
<input type="radio"> radio (W3C)
<input type="range"> slider (because ARIA “slider” corresponds to a range input) (W3C)
<input type="text">, <textarea> textbox (W3C)
<select> listbox (for single / multiple select) (W3C)
<option> option (W3C)
<ul>, <ol> list (W3C)
<li> listitem (W3C)
<table> table (W3C)
<th> could be columnheader or rowheader, depending on scope attribute (GitHub)
<td> cell (when parent is a table) (W3C)
<main> main (landmark role) (W3C)
<header> (in page or section) banner (if used as the global header) / or a landmark role depending on context (W3C)
<nav> navigation (landmark) (W3C)
<form> form (landmark) (W3C)
<article> article (landmark / document structure) (W3C)
<section> region (when it has accessible name) (W3C)
<aside> complementary (landmark) (W3C)
<h1><h6> heading (with implicit aria-level derived from the heading level) (W3C)
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