Calling a filter with an additional parameter.

gistfile1.php

<?php
/**
 * Stores a value and calls any existing function with this value.
 */
class Filter_Storage
{
    /**
     * Filled by __construct(). Used by __call().
     *
     * @type mixed Any type you need.
     */
    protected $values;

    /**
     * Stores the values for later use.
     *
     * @param  mixed $values
     * @return void
     */
    public function __construct( $values )
    {
        $this->values = $values;
    }

    /**
     * Catches all function calls except __construct().
     *
     * Be aware: Even if the function is called with just one string as an
     * argument it will be sent as an array.
     *
     * @param  string $callback Function name
     * @param  array  $arguments
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function __call( $callback, $arguments )
    {
        if ( is_callable( $callback ) )
        {
            return call_user_func( $callback, $arguments, $this->values );
        }
        // Wrong function called.
        throw new InvalidArgumentException(
            sprintf(
                'File: %1$s<br>
                Line %2$d<br>
                There is no function %3$s',
                __FILE__,
                __LINE__,
                $name
            )
        );
    }
}

function filter_where( $args, $time ) {
        // posts in the last 30 days
        $where = $args[0];
	$where .= " AND post_date > '" . date('Y-m-d', strtotime("-$time[0] days")) . "'";
	return $where;
}

//Call the filter like this
//This will limit to 30 days
$time_limit = new Filter_Storage(
                array( '30' )
);
//Add the filter to run for the next query
add_filter(
        'posts_where',
        // Object instance and called function.
        array( $time_limit, 'filter_where' )
);

//Run the WP_Query 
$query = new WP_Query();

//Remove the filter
remove_filter(
        'posts_where',
        // Object instance and called function.
        array( $time_limit, 'filter_where' )
);
?>