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Energy-Economy-Environment Modeling: A Concepts Primer

From Carbon Taxes to Climate Risk — How Models Answer the Hard Questions

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Purpose: This primer teaches the foundational concepts behind energy-economy-environment (E3) modeling, then shows how different modeling approaches tackle the concrete questions that drive climate and energy policy. It is designed for readers with a quantitative background who are new to the field.

How to use this document: Parts I–III build the conceptual toolkit — economics, mathematics, and energy systems. Part IV is the heart: eight policy questions, each analyzed through multiple modeling paradigms that often give different answers. Part V covers practical integration. Appendix E provides standalone one-page profiles of each modeling paradigm, referenced throughout.

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davidefiocco

#!/usr/bin/env python3

from smolagents import OpenAIServerModel
from smolagents import CodeAgent, VisitWebpageTool, FinalAnswerTool
from smolagents.tools import tool, Tool
from datetime import datetime
import os

EXA_API_KEY = os.getenv("EXA_API_KEY")
HF_TOKEN = os.getenv("HF_TOKEN")

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{"text":"Spam spam lovely spam!"}
{"text":"I like scrambled eggs."}
{"text":"I prefer spam!"}

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{"removed":"These results suggested that the distribution of bacterial communities was driven more by sample types than the separate caves from which samples were collected.","added":"These results suggest that the distribution of bacterial communities is driven more by sample types than the separate caves from which samples were collected.","meta":{"score":1}}

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