Ubuntu With GPU and Gnome Desktop Installation (Tested on Ubuntu 22.04 and 24.04)

ubuntu-gpu-desktop.yml

#cloud-config
package_update: true
package_upgrade: true

packages:
  - wget
  - curl
  - build-essential
  - linux-headers-$(uname -r)
  - linux-modules-extra-$(uname -r)
  - dnsutils
  - net-tools
  - screen
  - unzip
  - zsh
  - qemu-guest-agent
  - ubuntu-drivers-common
  - nvidia-driver-580-server
  - network-manager
  - ubuntu-desktop

write_files:
  - path: /usr/local/bin/migrate-to-nm.sh
    permissions: '0755'
    content: |
      #!/bin/bash
      set -euo pipefail
      
      ### --- CONFIG ---
      PRESERVE_NAME="yes"         # whether to preserve interface name by MAC via .link
      DISABLE_STUB="yes"          # whether to disable systemd-resolved stub resolver
      BACKUP_NETPLAN_DIR="/etc/netplan/backup-by-nmigr"
      CLOUD_INIT_DISABLE="yes"    # disable cloud-init network config
      ### --- End CONFIG ---
      
      echo "=== Step 0: Detect current active IPv4 interface and its config ==="
      
      CUR_IFACE=$(ip -o -4 addr show up primary scope global | awk '{print $2; exit}')
      if [[ -z "$CUR_IFACE" ]]; then
        echo "ERROR: Could not detect active IPv4 interface" >&2
        exit 1
      fi
      echo "Detected interface: $CUR_IFACE"
      
      CUR_MAC=$(cat /sys/class/net/"$CUR_IFACE"/address)
      echo "MAC address: $CUR_MAC"
      
      ADDR_CIDR=$(ip -o -4 addr show dev "$CUR_IFACE" | awk '{print $4; exit}')
      if [[ -z "$ADDR_CIDR" ]]; then
        echo "ERROR: No IPv4 address on $CUR_IFACE" >&2
        exit 1
      fi
      echo "Address/CIDR: $ADDR_CIDR"
      
      GW=$(ip route show default 0.0.0.0/0 dev "$CUR_IFACE" | awk '/default/ {print $3; exit}')
      if [[ -z "$GW" ]]; then
        GW=$(ip route show default | awk '/default/ {print $3; exit}')
      fi
      echo "Gateway: $GW"
      
      # Detect DNS via resolvectl (preferred)  
      DNS=$(resolvectl status "$CUR_IFACE" 2>/dev/null | awk '/DNS Servers:/ {for(i=3;i<=NF;i++) printf "%s ", $i; exit}' | xargs echo) || true
      if [[ -z "$DNS" ]]; then
        # fallback to /etc/resolv.conf
        DNS=$(grep -E "^nameserver" /etc/resolv.conf | awk '{print $2}' | xargs echo)
      fi
      echo "DNS servers: $DNS"
      
      echo
      echo "=== Step 1: Disable cloud-init network configuration (if used) ==="
      if [[ "$CLOUD_INIT_DISABLE" == "yes" ]]; then
        sudo touch /etc/cloud/cloud-init.disabled
        echo "cloud-init globally disabled."
      else
        sudo mkdir -p /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg.d
        sudo tee /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg.d/99-disable-network-config.cfg > /dev/null <<EOF
      network: {config: disabled}
      EOF
        echo "cloud-init network-config disabled."
      fi
      
      echo "=== Step 2: Backup existing netplan configs + create minimal delegate to NetworkManager ==="
      sudo mkdir -p "$BACKUP_NETPLAN_DIR"
      sudo mv /etc/netplan/*.yaml "$BACKUP_NETPLAN_DIR/" 2>/dev/null || true
      
      sudo tee /etc/netplan/01-nm-delegate.yaml > /dev/null <<EOF
      network:
        version: 2
        renderer: NetworkManager
      EOF
      
      sudo netplan apply || true
      sleep 2
      
      if [[ "$PRESERVE_NAME" == "yes" ]]; then
        echo "=== Step 3: Create .link to preserve interface name by MAC ==="
        sudo mkdir -p /etc/systemd/network
        sudo tee /etc/systemd/network/10-ifname-by-mac.link > /dev/null <<EOF
      [Match]
      MACAddress=$CUR_MAC
      Type=ether
      
      [Link]
      Name=$CUR_IFACE
      EOF
      
        sudo udevadm control --reload
        sudo udevadm trigger --subsystem-match=net --action add
        sleep 1
        echo "udev triggered; name-preservation rule applied."
      fi
      
      NEW_IFACE=$CUR_IFACE
      echo "Final interface name for NM: $NEW_IFACE"
      
      echo "=== Step 4: Configure NetworkManager static IPv4 on $NEW_IFACE ==="
      sudo tee /etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/10-globally-managed-devices.conf > /dev/null <<EOF
      [keyfile]
      unmanaged-devices=none
      EOF
      sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager
      
      CON_NAME="static-$NEW_IFACE"
      sudo nmcli con delete "$CON_NAME" 2>/dev/null || true
      
      sudo nmcli con add type ethernet ifname "$NEW_IFACE" con-name "$CON_NAME" \
           ipv4.method manual ipv4.addresses "$ADDR_CIDR" ipv4.gateway "$GW" ipv4.dns "$DNS" \
           connection.autoconnect yes
      sudo nmcli con up "$CON_NAME"

      # Disable old systemd wait for online service
      sudo systemctl disable systemd-networkd-wait-online.service
      sudo systemctl mask systemd-networkd-wait-online.service
      
      if [[ "$DISABLE_STUB" == "yes" ]]; then
        echo "=== Step 5: Disable systemd-resolved stub, re-link /etc/resolv.conf ==="
        sudo mkdir -p /etc/systemd/resolved.conf.d
        sudo tee /etc/systemd/resolved.conf.d/10-disable-stub.conf > /dev/null <<EOF
      [Resolve]
      DNSStubListener=no
      EOF
        sudo systemctl restart systemd-resolved
        sudo ln -sf /run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf
        echo "/etc/resolv.conf now points to resolved’s upstream resolv.conf"
      fi
      
      echo "=== Migration complete ==="
      echo "Backed up netplan config to $BACKUP_NETPLAN_DIR"
      echo "Interface: $NEW_IFACE; IP: $ADDR_CIDR; Gateway: $GW; DNS: $DNS"
      echo "You may reboot now. After reboot verify with:"
      echo "   ip link show"
      echo "   nmcli device status"
      echo "   ip a && ip r"
      echo "   resolvectl status"

  - path: /usr/local/bin/setup-ohmyzsh.sh
    permissions: '0755'
    content: |
      #!/bin/bash
      set -e
      echo "=== Installing Oh My Zsh for each user under /home using TUNA mirror ==="
      for dir in /home/*; do
        [ -d "$dir" ] || continue
        usr="$(basename "$dir")"
        if [ "$usr" = "root" ]; then continue; fi
        HOME_DIR="$dir"
        echo "--- user: $usr (home: $HOME_DIR)"

        sudo -u "$usr" sh -c '
          export RUNZSH=no
          export CHSH=no
          export REMOTE="https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/ohmyzsh.git"
          sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://install.ohmyz.sh/)" "" --unattended
        '

        ZSHRC="$HOME_DIR/.zshrc"
        if [ -f "$ZSHRC" ]; then
          sudo -u "$usr" sed -i "s/^ZSH_THEME=.*/ZSH_THEME=\"ys\"/" "$ZSHRC"
          echo "  Set ZSH_THEME=\"ys\" for $usr"
          sudo usermod -s /bin/zsh $usr
        else
          echo "  Warning: $ZSHRC not found — install might have failed"
        fi
      done

  - path: /etc/update-motd.d/99-shell-recommendation
    permissions: '0755'
    content: |
      #!/bin/bash
      # /etc/update-motd.d/99-shell-recommendation
      
      # Try to guess user from last ssh login (may return "username(uid=1000)")
      _logged=$(grep 'sshd' /var/log/auth.log 2>/dev/null \
                | awk '/session opened for user/ {print $11}' \
                | tail -1)
      
      if [ -n "$_logged" ]; then
        # Extract just the username before the "("
        USR=$(echo "$_logged" | sed 's/\(.*\)(.*/\1/')
      else
        USR=""
      fi
      
      # If we got a candidate user, get its login shell; else leave blank
      if [ -n "$USR" ] && getent passwd "$USR" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
        USR_SHELL=$(getent passwd "$USR" | cut -d: -f7)
      else
        USR_SHELL=""
      fi
      
      # ANSI color codes
      GREEN='\033[0;32m'
      CYAN='\033[0;36m'
      YELLOW='\033[1;33m'
      RESET='\033[0m'
      
      echo ""  # blank line before notice
      
      case "$USR_SHELL" in
        */bash)
          echo -e "${YELLOW}Still using Bash?${RESET} Switch to Zsh + Oh My Zsh for a richer terminal experience (auto-completion, syntax highlighting, plugins, etc.) — ${GREEN}you’ll still be able to use your existing commands and scripts as before.${RESET}"
          echo -e "還在用 Bash？建議改用 Zsh + Oh My Zsh，讓終端更強大（自動補全、語法高亮、插件等功能），且${GREEN}原有指令／腳本依然可用。${RESET}"
          echo ""
          echo -e "To switch: ${CYAN}chsh -s /bin/zsh${RESET}  (or ${CYAN}sudo usermod -s /bin/zsh $USR${RESET})"
          echo -e "要切換 Shell，請執行：${CYAN}chsh -s /bin/zsh${RESET}（或 ${CYAN}sudo usermod -s /bin/zsh $USR${RESET}）"
          echo ""
          ;;
        */zsh)
          echo -e "${YELLOW}Using Zsh + Oh My Zsh for better productivity.${RESET} (auto-completion, plugins, syntax highlighting, etc.) — ${GREEN}existing Bash commands/scripts will still work.${RESET}"
          echo -e "建議使用 Zsh + Oh My Zsh（具備自動補全、插件、語法高亮等功能）提升效率 — ${GREEN}您原有的 Bash 命令/腳本仍可正常使用。${RESET}"
          echo ""
          echo -e "To revert to Bash: ${CYAN}chsh -s /bin/bash${RESET}  (or ${CYAN}sudo usermod -s /bin/bash $USR${RESET})"
          echo -e "若要回復 Bash，請執行：${CYAN}chsh -s /bin/bash${RESET}（或 ${CYAN}sudo usermod -s /bin/bash $USR${RESET}）"
          echo ""
          ;;
        *)
          # No message if shell not bash or zsh (or user unknown)
          ;;
      esac
      
      exit 0

runcmd:
  - [ bash, "/usr/local/bin/migrate-to-nm.sh" ]
  - [ bash, /usr/local/bin/setup-ohmyzsh.sh ]
  - systemctl set-default graphical.target
  - reboot